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England

Flag of England

For England, Esri provides a beta advanced demographics dataset sourced from data supplied by Esri UK. Visit Where to find ArcGIS Data to learn more about using Esri Demographics.

Note:

Esri also provides a standard demographics dataset for the United Kingdom, sourced from data supplied by Michael Bauer Research GmbH, which includes the countries of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales.

Release date

This (beta) dataset was initially released in November 2026; the vintage includes the years 2026, 2025, 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017, and 2016.

Settlement points

Esri's English advanced demographics settlement points use the 2023 European Commission Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL). More information about the data can be found at https://ghslsys.jrc.ec.europa.eu.

Geography levels

Esri geography name Local geography name Feature count
Country England 1
Regions Regions 9
Upper Tier Local Authorities Upper Tier Local Authorities 153
Lower Tier Local Authorities Lower Tier Local Authorities 296
Middle Super Output Areas Middle Super Output Areas 6,856
Wards Wards 6,826
Lower Super Output Areas Lower Super Output Areas 33,755

Visualize demographic data variables

The data browser is an interface to help you visualize and explore the data categories and analysis variables available in Esri Demographics. See Explore data variables to learn more about this visualization tool.

Advanced demographics sample questions and use cases

England's advanced demographics provide insight about this region for most data categories, including detailed information about English regional population, migration, and length of residence; poverty status and public benefits; languages spoken; religion; ethnicity; marital status; housing types; jobs; and crime data. See the Advanced demographics related links section below for the release notes and a variable list.

Some sample questions that could be answered using England's advanced demographics include the following:

  • How many single-person households are there in Newcastle upon Tyne?

  • Where can I find the largest areas of recent population migration (or urban exodus)?

  • What is the average population age in Leeds?

  • Which areas in Norfolk have the highest numbers of No Religion?

  • What is the most common type of housing structure in Peterborough?

The following sections include example use cases that may help you understand English advanced demographics.

Age Dependency

Age Dependency What is measured: The National Health Service's (NHS) Integrated Care Boards (ICB) and local councils rely on the ratios of working age population (age 16 to 64) to child (age 15 and younger) and senior (age 65 or older) populations to map future financial liabilities and infrastructure needs.

Note:

Child and senior dependency ratios are more commonly known as youth and old age dependency ratios (or OADR) in this region.

How you use it: Age dependency ratios are used to determine regional fiscal strain and social care allocation models. English public services are highly decentralized at the delivery level and funded through local government revenues (such as council tax and business rates) combined with central government grants. Understanding current and future dependency ratios helps local authorities to forecast their long-term expenditures on Activities of Daily Living (ADL), community care, and care home placements.

Age dependency ratios vary dramatically across England, presenting distinctive regional challenges.

  • For example, coastal areas such as West Somerset and Norfolk exhibit unusually high OADRs, the result of an inflow of retirees combined with the long-term outward migration of younger working age populations. NHS trusts use these high OADRs to pivot infrastructure toward chronic disease management, intermediate rehabilitation beds, and stroke units rather than maternity or pediatric health.

  • Conversely, certain London boroughs—such as Tower Hamlets—exhibit high youth dependency ratios, the result of a relatively high inflow of international and domestic working age families. Urban councils use these ratios to forecast required investment in school places, nurseries, and affordable starter-home developments.

At the parliamentary level, the Office for National Statistics (ONS) tracks the OADR to advise the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) related to the State Pension Age (SPA). If the OADR begins to place too high an economic burden on working-age populations, this functions as a primary trigger for legislation that incrementally increases the retirement age to ensure that the National Insurance Fund (NIF) remains solvent.

Households by Deprivation Dimensions

Households by Deprivation What is measured: The Office for National Statistics (ONS) tracks household poverty using four specific measures (or dimensions): education, employment, health, and housing.

How you use it: English households by deprivation dimensions metrics can be used by local councils, charities, and the NHS to identify deep-pocketed vulnerability and provide a targeted allocation of local government resources and public health assistance at a neighborhood level. For example, a local authority (such as a county council or unitary authority) can cross-reference the ONS Census deprivation datasets with local health registers to optimize their winter support programs.

Under the ONS classification, a household is flagged in the Housing dimension if it is overcrowded or lacks central heating. It is flagged in the Health dimension if a member has a qualified disability or poor health. A household experiencing deprivation in both Housing and Health represents an acute emergency risk during the winter months (such as respiratory issues exacerbated by a damp, unheated home).

Using granular geographic data—specifically Middle Layer Super Output Areas (MSOAs)—councils can map out exactly where households with two or more dimensions of deprivation are concentrated. Instead of blanketing an entire city with generic flyers, the council can deploy targeted, localized solutions. For example, they can send community health workers directly to areas that have statistically high concentrations of multidimensional deprivation.

Monthly Crime: Public Order

Monthly crime What is measured: The volume of notifiable crimes reported to and recorded by local police forces in England. The official crime figures are compiled and published monthly by Police.uk.

How you use it: English monthly public order crime statistics metrics can be used by police forces, local councils, and Community Safety Partnerships (CSPs) for targeted resource allocation. Because public order offenses—such as rioting, affray, and threatening behavior—are highly sensitive to seasonal changes, holidays, and specific events, analyzing these numbers on a monthly cadence allows authorities to deploy resources precisely when and where they are needed most.

  • For example, police forces track monthly spikes to predict unrest during predictable periods, such as football tournament months, major political demonstrations, or summer music festivals.

  • Local councils and CSPs use monthly data to measure the immediate impact of new initiatives, such as increased CCTV deployment or night-time economy policing (for example, around bars and clubs).

  • A sudden monthly rise in public order offenses often serves as an early warning sign of rising community tensions, allowing neighborhood officers to intervene before offenses escalate into more violent crimes.

Advanced demographics related links

Refer to the following content: